Extruded machine, the extruder, and simultaneous extruders are also divided into metal extruders, plastic extruders, aluminum profile extruders, copper extruders, etc. They are applied to different fields.
Chinese name: extruder;
English Name: Extrusion Press;
Definition: The pressing machine for extruding the metal material;
Subject: Mechanical Engineering (First Class Discipline); Forging (Secondary Discipline); Forging Machinery - Other Forging Machinery (Level 3 Discipline).
During the processing of plastics and artificial fibers, the screw extruder has a very wide application. The screw extruder is a constant transfer load, so the low frequency spacing is required to be relatively high. This article introduces the improvement of the performance of the screw extruder after the three crystalline S350 vector inverter. The inverter operates in closed-loop vector control, and the rated spiration output can be obtained in low speed state, and the speed can be accurately controlled. The application of the three crystal inverter S350 in the extruder has the following characteristics:
1, low frequency torque, stable output
2, high performance vector control
3, the torque dynamic response is fast, the steady speed is high
4, slow speed parking speed
5, strong anti-interference ability
Metal extruder:
Metal extruder is the most important device for achieving metal extrusion processing. Metal extrusion processing is an important method of using metal plastic pressure. Its important feature is that the metal ingot is processed once, a rod, and the profile is completed between the moment, and there is almost no other way to match. Beautiful, elegant building decoration materials; flying over the continents, ocean; let humans explore the spacecraft and space station of outer space; the backbone materials used in various fields such as railway, subway, light rail, maglev train, ship speedboat, almost They are closely related to extrusion processing.
Aluminum profile extruder use: This series of equipment is suitable for extrusion processing of aluminum, magnesium, lead and other metal and its aluminum profile alloy, can produce various architectural profiles, industrial profiles, aluminum alloy doors and windows, rolling doors, vehicles and aerospace. Sheet products.
Aluminum profile extruder features:
1. The whole machine structure uses four-state horizontal, the fuel tank, the hydraulic cylinder, the electrical installation, the copper line arrangement is neat, and the installation and maintenance is convenient.
2. The activity beam is used in four o'clock, the center is adjustable, the migration structure is in the form of two stations, safe and fast.
3. According to the different requirements of the user, it can be specially designed, suitable for different extrusion processes such as double-squeezed seamless steel pipes, floating needle hollow ingots, seamless tubes, reverse squeezing, constant speed squeezing and other extrusion processes.
4. Hydraulic parts can be used in Germany Rexroth, Japan Yuken, US Viokers and other products according to user requirements.
5. The electrical component is controlled by Japan Mitsubishi PLO, and the touch screen and speed sensor can be set and adjusted speed.
Copper extruder:
The copper extruder is suitable for squeezing copper tubes and copper alloy tubes, rods, rows, wires and other products.
Features:
1. The whole machine structure uses four historical, and the fuel tank is placed. It has the characteristics of new structural, arrangement, and convenient maintenance.
2. The active beam uses four o'clock positioning, centrally adjustable, and reasonable work design can greatly reduce production costs.
3. Different extrusion processes can be set, and the pipes of different apertures can be used in the same manner.
4. Hydraulic parts use large flow plug-in valve system, good sealing performance, low temperature rise.
5. Electrical parts use PLC products, reliable and sensitive.
Plastic extrusion machine:
In plastic extrusion molding equipment, the plastic extruder is generally referred to as a host, and a subsequent equipment plastic extrusion molding machine is called auxiliary machine. After more than 100 years of development, the plastic extruder has been derived from a two-screw, multi-screw, and even screws and other models. Plastic extruder (host) can be equipped with pipe, film, holding materials, single wire, flat wire, strapping belt, squeezing net, plate (piece) material, profile, granulation, cable package, all kinds of plastic molding auxiliary machines Match, constitute a variety of plastic extrusion forming production lines, producing various plastic products. Therefore, plastic extrusion molding machines are all one of the models that have been widely used in plastic processing industries in place or in the future.
Extruder structure composition:
Extruder core: No matter which model of extruder, they must include the following five main components: feed mechanism, screw and drive mechanism, inner groove shell (generally recommended screw), flow resistance Limit console (generality die), and stream truncation devices (also known as intercepting mechanisms).
Feeder: Supply parts of extruders, two forms, horizontal and vertical types, all with a hopper, used to receive and temporarily store the extruded feedstock and transport it to the screw. In order to ensure that the feedstock can be smooth and avoided to generate "friar", the burner is fitted, or the wide discharge port is used, so that the mechanism will help the mechanism maintain uninterrupted uniform feedstock. The feeder is extremely important to maintain a uniform supply. Because it is necessary to ensure that the extruder has the right function, and the uninterrupted uniform feed is a prerequisite for the normal operation of the extruder.
Screw: It can generally be said that the screw is the most important component of the extruder, which not only determines the ripening of the extruder and the functional strength of the platen, but also determines the quality of the final product. Different screws have different extrusion functions. The squeezing function of the screw is determined in the design parameters of the screw. Various design parameters of the screw.
The thread pitch (T) is a distance between the corresponding points on the adjacent thread contours; the thread rotation is 1 week, the distance (pitch N) advanced in the axial direction, the multiple of the threaded pitch, said For the number of pitch screws, or called the thread header. Single-headed screw, pitch equal to thread pitch; double-headed screw, pitch equal to twice the thread pitch; three-headed screw, pitch equal to triple thread pitch. The screw of the multi-head thread can increase the transportation capacity and viscous stream (QD). During the screw continuously mixed and transporting materials, the screw produces mechanical friction and heat, thereby melting.
Spirables: The screw jacket outside the screw can be made, but it is usually equipped with a jacket to be used as a circulation heating of vapor or overheating oil, or is used as a circulating water cooling, its purpose is to make the extrusion function Accurately adjust the temperature of each working section. Most spirits are fitted with a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, and a temperature control device is fitted. The inner surface of the screw is usually made into a groove shape, and some is a linear groove, and some are solenoid grooves. The solenoid groove produces a boosting, and the linear groove is hindered. Thus, linear grooves can result in lower flow rates, but their mechanical shear effect is greater. The gap distance between the screw and its spiro is usually kept to minimize leakage flow.
Mode: The terminal in the spiro set is usually fitted with a molded pan with various shape apertures, generally referred to as a die. The die has a dual function: pressing the extruded material mold into the required shape; used as a lifting device to increase the pressure within the extrusion machine. Determine the geometry of the die hole
The shape is very important for extruded product shape and quality. A one-way molded die of a variety of holes has been developed, such as a cylindrical aperture die, a slot aperture die, a cyclic aperture die, and a two-way mold die. In the two-way molded die, from the two extruder one-way molded discharge ports, it can be processed into an extruded product having a double color or a double flavor.
Shutdown mechanism: The molding of extruded material after molding must be assembled. The requirements required by the intercepting mechanism are: the extruder after the mold is capable of uniformly cutting the product of the neutral surface according to the predetermined length requirements. The length of the cutting material depends on the cutter speed; the faster the cutter speed is faster, the shorter the cutting length. The neatness of the truncation is largely dependent on the gap distance of the cutter and the die: the gap distance should be less than 0.2mm, which is to ensure that the extruded material is cut neatly; but should be greater than 0.05mm to avoid the blade and the mold High frictional resistance is formed between the heads. Common interular mechanisms, two types of vertical cutters and horizontal cutters.
Extruder working principle:
The extruder uses "continuous pressure principle", such as the book, the hydraulic pump converts the metal machine mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, all the way to the stiff rollers to drive the stunning dragon, will enter the concrete mixture of the stunning dragon warehouse To the molding chamber; the other path is driven by a hydraulic motor to generate high frequency vibration in a mixed blend in the forming chamber. The forming cavity is filled with a mixed drain and a combination of the vibrator excitation force, which is filled with a stunned cavity. Under the action of the stunning direction, the side wall extruder The supported concrete moves forward, and the machine continuously forms a concrete side wall of the trapezoidal shape after the machine.
The mixture is uniformly entering the stunning draft, and the side wall extrusion machine is uniform, and the machine is also uniformly forming the set defective concrete side; the mixture is sufficiently enters the silo, and the forward speed of the side wall extruder is changed. Value; when the mixture stops supply, the forward speed of the side wall extruder is zero. That is, the forward speed of the side wall extruder is an uncontrolled automatic adjustment, and the premise of the adjustment is that the metamorphic mixture is completed in the formation chamber. The degree of confidence in the concrete side can be set as needed. The prerequisite of the front movement of the side wall extruder is the support of the inner dense mixture of the molded cavity, which is equal to the sum of the various resistances of the machine, by adjusting the number of counterweights and the support height of the front wheel can be changed to the cavity. The frictional resistance of the inner mixture and the template, the frictional resistance is the main composition of the total resistance of the forward resistance, the total resistance is reduced, the compact degree of the mixture is reduced; in turn, the compact level of the mixture is increased.
The structure of the basic structural edge extruder of the side wall extruder is composed of the rear wheel, the molding warehouse, the dragon warehouse, the dynamic warehouse, the hydraulic system and the front wheel and the steering mechanism. The molding warehouse, stirring dragon warehouse, the dynamic warehouse three sections of the dynamic warehouse is integrated, and there is a rear wheel on both sides of the molding chamber; the front and steering mechanism welded to the front end of the power bin, the hydraulic system is in the power storage.
Common faults and solutions for extruders:
Many extrusion operations have been caused by changes in steam, water, and additive. For example, the material of the bulk feeder affects the amount of feed, and some material components have separated phenomena in delivery, so the particle size parameters of the material vary from time to time. The temporary blocked or feeding method of the feed will quickly change the amount of feed, in any case, should immediately eliminate the clogging status. If a metal rod (tube) is used to eliminate the blockage, if the metal (tube) is extended into the helix, the screw can only be used, so wood or polyethylene rod can be used. All of these variations will cause fluctuations in the feed and fluctuations in the operating state of the extruder.
If the design of the water or steam pipeline is not circumgro, the pressure of these lines may cause fluctuations, which must cause changes in input energy, and significantly change the operation of the extruder. Excluding these faults exclude hidden dangers of most extrusion operations. It is designed or modified, or replaces existing equipment components to avoid operation fluctuations. Controlling the pressure regulator on all pipes is also one of the important measures to prevent certain fluctuations, but the pressure regulator cannot compensate for the defects of the pipe size formation of poor design.
The extruder operating power can be displayed in a very sensitive instrument. When seeing power is rising and over-limited, it is recommended to use the following adjustment measures: The amount of feeding is slightly reduced or the amount of water increase is slightly increased. The final effect is to produce Wet extrudate. Because the power decreases with viscosity, the viscosity is reduced as the increase in moisture. Which parameter is changed, but you should choose the most easily controlled and most accurate parameter. As the power consumption increases, the elevated phenomenon of the head pressure and product temperature will occur.
If you want to increase the temperature of the product, it is limited to motor power, and the amount of steam can be used to increase the jacket temperature or increase the amount of water input product. Increase the temperature or moisture, when the flow is constant, the normal condition will decrease slightly, because the head pressure is inversely proportional to the viscosity.
Due to the change of the injection component, the wear of the extruder and changes in other difficulties will cause changes in the performance of extrusion product. Generally, these changes are often manifested in the appearance, organization and density of the product. In order to increase the desired product taste and expansion, it is possible to achieve the moisture of the extrusion temperature or reduce the extrudate.
The irregular shape of the product is caused by a number of reasons, which may be that the raw material components and water are not fully mixed and uniform during the beginning of the feed, and the mixing condition can solve this problem. The irregular shape of the product may also be caused by large fluctuations in the production process, the crushing plate or template is blocked, and the cutter operation is improper. The fluctuations will result in uneven flow through the template, the product shape is irregular, the broken plate or template is blocked such that the flow rate through one or more mold holes is lowered. In general, it is difficult to eliminate clogging in addition to removing the template and the broken plate for cleaning or replacement. Some extruders use hydraulic operations, quickly replace the templates and broken panels, during the extrusion operation, only use very short parking time to replace it. A contradiction of the cutter generally needs to adjust the gap or replace the cutter to solve.
The operation of the extruder is often associated with a sharp rise and drop in power and die pressures. Many fluctuations are steam formed during high temperature extrusion operation to escape through the screw, and since the steam flow interferes with the compressed material in the spiral groove, there is a decrease in shortcoming. This situation is sometimes referred to as "steam reflux". It is usually found that "steam reflux" occurred in the feeding hopper. Sometimes such fluctuations can be solved by a method of cooling feed segments, instantaneous cooling squeezing machines or increasing feedals. At this time, the material can be refilled and the screw is filld back to reply to normal operation.
Sometimes the processing conditions of the extruder have dramatically changed, in order to avoid mechanical damage and causing difficult situation, it is required to take decisive and strong measures. Since the amount of feeding will cause many confusion, the most effective method is to add water or increase steam, as the material is too dry to cause an extruder blocking or motor overload. Therefore, in this case, the operator must quickly change the material or restore water. In production practice, it is advisable to add water and do not allow the extruder to generate obstruction.
Aug 25, 2021
